解釈 #02 Coronavirus - Wikipeida

#1)
Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds.

[words]
  • related [riléitəd]：belonging to the same family
  • mammal [mǽməl]

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#2)
In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal.

[words]
  • respiratory [rε'spərətɔ̀ri]：(adj) relating to or affecting respiration or the organs of respiration. (respiration＝breath)
  • tract [trǽkt]：(noun) a major passage in the body, large bundle of nerve fibres, or other continuous elongated anatomical structure or region.
  • mild [maild]：(adj) not severe, serious, or harsh.
  • lethal [líθəl ]：(adj) sufficient to cause death.

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#3)
Mild illnesses include some cases of the common cold (which has other possible causes, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.

[words]
  • predominantly [pridɔ́minəntli]：mainly; for the most part.
  • rhinovirus [ráinəuvàirəs]：ライノウイルス

［言い換え］
Some varieties can cause mild illness such as the common cold, or possibly predominantly rhinovieruses, while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.

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#4)
Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea.

[words]
  • diarrhea [dàiəríːə]
  • they：→ other species

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#5)
There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.

[words]
  • yet [jét]：(adv) You can use yet to say that there is still a possibility that something will happen.

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#6)
Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria.

[words]
  • Orthocoronavirinae [ɔ́rθòu-kəróunə-virinae]：オルソ-コロナウイルス属
  • Coronaviridae [kəróunə-viridae]：コロナウイルス科
  • Nidovirales ：ニドウイルス目
  • Riboviria ：リボビリア領域

ウイルス－リボビリア領域－ニドウイルス目－コロナウイルス科－オルソ-コロナウイルス属

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#7)
They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.

[words]
  • envelop [envéləp]：(v) wrap up, cover, or surround completely.
  • positive-sense：プラス鎖の
  • single-stranded：一本鎖の
  • genome [dʒíːnoum]
  • nucleocapsid [njùːkliəukǽpsid]：ヌクレオカプシド（ゲノムとカプシドの複合体）
  • helical [hε'likəl]：らせん状の

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#8)
The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 27 to 34 kilobases, the largest among known RNA viruses.

[words]
  • approximately [əprɔ́ksimitli]：about, nearly
  • kilobase [kíləbèis]：キロベース（DNAの塩基対1000個を表す単位）

URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus